Indian Council for Agricultural Research
The first scientific institution to come up in India was Imperial Bacteriological Institute in Pune in the year 1889, which later on became the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. Beginning of Scientific Agriculture in India began with the appointment of Dr. J. A. Voelcker, as the Consulting Chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society, England in the year 1890. In the year 1892, an Imperial Agricultural Chemist was appointed. An Imperial Mycologist was appointed in the year 1901 and in 1902 an Imperial Entomologist.
The Famine commission Report of 1901 recommended the starting of specialized institutions for agricultural research and in 1905 the Imperial Agricultural Research Institute was started in Pusa, Bihar, which later on was renamed in the year 1936 as Indian Agricultural Research Institute and relocated to Delhi. Popularly IARI is calledPusa Institute.
During this period many Commodity committees were started, which were funded by the cess levied on the sale of these commodities and many research institutes came into existence to cater to the development of these commodities. They were
- Indian Central Cotton Committee, 1921
- Indian Central Lac Cess Committee, 1931
- Indian Central Tobacco Committee,1945
- Indian Central Oilseeds Committee, 1947
- Indian Central Areca nut Committee,1949
- Indian Central Spices and Cashew nut Committee,1958
Based on the recommendation of The Royal Commission Report of 1928, the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research was started on 16 July 1929 as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. After Independence it was renamed as Indian Council of Agricultural Research on June10, 1948. ICAR is an autonomous organization under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. It is the research wing of the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
The Council is the apex body for coordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture including horticulture, fisheries and animal sciences in the entire country. The ICAR has its headquarters at New Delhi. The schemes funded by ICAR are executed by the Central and State Research Institutions. ICAR is entrusted with the responsibility for coordinating research with the central and state research institutions
The Council is the apex body for coordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture including horticulture, fisheries and animal sciences in the entire country. The ICAR has its headquarters at New Delhi. The schemes funded by ICAR are executed by the Central and State Research Institutions. ICAR is entrusted with the responsibility for coordinating research with the central and state research institutions
Based on the recommendation of Dr. Gajendragadkar Committee (1972) the Department of Agriculture Research and Education was set up in the year 1973 in the Ministry of Agriculture to link ICAR with state and Central Governments on one side and International Organizations on other hand. And in the year 1975, Agricultural Scientist Recruitment Board and Agricultural Research Service was constituted to concentrate on planning, aiding, promoting and coordinating agricultural research in the country.
ICAR is one of the largest National Agricultural Systems in the world with 97 Research Institutes and 53 Agricultural universities. ICAR cater to the society with the three mandates viz. Research, Education and Extension. For the purpose of Research it has 97 research institutes:
- Central Institutions 45
- National Research Centres 17
- National Bureaux 6
- Project Directorates 25
- All India Coordinated Research Projects 61
- Network Projects 17
- Other projects 10
For the purpose of Education it has 53 State Agricultural Universities and 4 Deemed Universities. And for the purpose of Extension it has 630 Krishi Vigyan Kendras spread out throughout the country.
Central Institutions
Central Institutions carry out basic and applied researches on problems of national importance with some focus on regional problems as well. Work on problems related to commodity, Group of commodities, Discipline, Geographical areas, Technology or specific issues. They are Multi disciplinary & Multi commodity institutions. They carry out Research on:
- Crops
- Horticulture
- Soils
- Engineering
- Animal Sciences
- Fisheries
National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM) is one of the Central Institutions started as the Central Staff College for Agriculture. It is the unique institution to conduct research and training in agricultural researches management.
Central Institutions: 45
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1. Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
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2. Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora
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3. Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur
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4. Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry
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5. Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow
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6.Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore
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7.Central Institute of Cotton Research, Nagpur
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8. Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore
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9. Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi
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10.Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore
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21.Indian Institute of Soil Sciences, Bhopal
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22.Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal
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23.ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region including Centre of Makhana, Patna
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24.Central Research Institute of Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad
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25.Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur
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26.ICAR Research Complex, Goa
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27.ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Barapani
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28.National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Malegaon, Maharashtra
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29.Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal
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30.Central Institute on Post harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana
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31.Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi
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32.Central Institute of Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai
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33.National Institute of Research on Jute & Allied Fibre Technology, Kolkata
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34.Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, New Delhi
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35.Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan
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36.Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom
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37.Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hissar
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38.National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore
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39.Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar
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40.Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi
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41.Central Institute Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai
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42.Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore
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43.Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin
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44.Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubneshwar
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45.National Academy of Agricultural Research & Management, Hyderabad
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National Research Centres
The National Research Centres feed national network of research with new materials, techniques and information for subsequent adoption in different production oriented research programmes. They take up narrow concentrated mission on basic and strategic researches on selected topics which have Direct or indirect relevance to national problems in a particular crop, commodity or a problem area of research. They do not have divisional structures or regional substations. The first NRC was started in the year 1977-1978 for Groundnut at Junagarh, Gujarat.
National Research Centres: 17
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1.National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi
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2.National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, New Delhi
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3.National Research Centre for Litchi, Muzaffarpur
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4.National Research Centre for Citrus, Nagpur
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5.National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune
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6.National Research Centre for Banana, Trichi
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7.National Research Centre Seed Spices, Ajmer
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8.National Research Centre for Pomegranate, Solapur
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9.National Research Centre on Orchids, Pakyong, Sikkim
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10.National Research Centre Agroforestry, Jhansi
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11.National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner
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12.National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar
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13.National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad
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14.National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati
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15.National Research Centre on Yak, West Kemang
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16.National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland
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17.National Centre for Agril. Economics & Policy Research, New Delhi
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National Bureau: 6
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1.National Bureau of Plant Genetics Resources, New Delhi
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2.National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Micro-organisms, Madhya Pradesh
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3.National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Bangalore
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4.National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur
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5.National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
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6.National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow
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Project Directorates
Project Directorates are upgraded AICRPs which feed into AICRP system. They have increased importance and magnitude of the work involved with responsibility to undertake research for developing location specific technologies. They have the responsibility to collect, conserve, evaluate and document basic resources of agriculture. They initiate such measures as would lead to long term productivity of:
- Plants, animal
- Fish,
- Soil
- Agriculturally important microorganisms
Directorates/Project Directorates: 25
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1.Directorate of Maize Research, New Delhi.
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2.Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad
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3.Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal
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4.Directorate of Oilseed Research, Hyderabad
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5.Directorate of Seed Research, Mau
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6.Directorate of Sorghum Research, Hyderabad
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7.Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagarh
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8.Directorate of Soybean Research, Indore
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9.Directorate of Rapeseed & Mustard Research, Bharatpur
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10.Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan
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Directorates/Project Directorates - 25
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11.Directorate on Onion and Garlic Research, Pune
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12.Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur
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13.Directorate of Oil Palm Research, Pedavegi, West Godawari
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14.Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand
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15.Directorate of Floriculture Research, Pusa, New Delhi
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16.Project Directorate for Farming Systems Research, Modipuram
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17.Directorate of Water Management Research, Bhubaneshwar
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18.Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur
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19.Project Directorate on Cattle, Meerut
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20.Project Directorate on Foot & Mouth Disease, Mukteshwar
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Directorates/Project Directorates - 25
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21.Project Directorate on Poultry, Hyderabad
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22.Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance, Hebbal, Bangalore
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23.Directorate of Information & Publication in Agriculture (DIPA), New Delhi
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24.Directorate of Cold Water Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, Nainital
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25.Directorate of Research on Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneshwar
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All India Coordinated Research Projects
AICRPs link up research programmes in ICAR research institutes, SAUs and private NGOs in a cooperative framework. They do multidisciplinary & multi location development and testing of newly developed technologies and varieties. They are located either in ICAR institutes or SAUs with an expenditure sharing of 75:25 basis. They provide solution of agricultural problems through inter institutional interactions
All India Coordinated Research Projects: 61
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1.AICRP on Pesticides Residues, New Delhi
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2.AICRP on Nematodes, New Delhi
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3.AICRP on Maize, New Delhi
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4.AICRP Rice, Hyderabad
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5.AICRP on Chickpea, Kanpur
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6.AICRP on MULLARP, Kanpur
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7.AICRP on Pigeon Pea, Kanpur
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8.AICRP on Arid Legumes, Jodhpur
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9.AICRP on Wheat & Barley Improvement Project, Karnal
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10.AICRP Sorghum, Hyderabad
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11.AICRP on Pearl Millets, Jodhpur
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12.AICRP on Small Millets, Bangalore
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13.AICRP on Sugarcane, Lucknow
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14.AICRP on Cotton, Coimbatore
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15.AICRP on Groundnut, Junagarh
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16.AICRP on Soybean, Indore
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17.AICRP on Rapeseed & Mustard, Bharatpur
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18.AICRP on Sunflower, Safflower, Castor, Hyderabad
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19.AICRP on Linseed, Kanpur
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20.AICRP on Sesame and Niger, Jabalpur
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21.AICRP on Biological Control, Bangalore
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22.AICRP on Honey Bee Research & Training, Hisar
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23.AICRP -NSP(Crops), Mau
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24.AICRP on Forage Crops, Jhansi
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25.AICRP Tropical Fruits, Bangalore
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26.AICRP Sub Tropical Fruits, Lucknow
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27.AICRP Arid Zone Fruits, Bikaner
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28.AICRP Mushroom, Solan
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29.AICRP Vegetables including NSP vegetable, Varanasi
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30.AICRP Potato, Shimla
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31.AICRP Tuber Crops, Thiruvananthapuram
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32.AICRP Palms, Kasaragod
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33.AICRP Cashew, Puttur
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34.AICRP on Water Management Research, Bhubaneshwar
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35.AICRP on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants including Betelvine, Anand
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36.AICRP on Floriculture, New Delhi
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37.AICRP in Micro Secondary & Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants, Bhopal
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38.lAICRP on Soil Test with Crop Response, Bhopal
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39.AICRP on Long Term Fertilizer Experiments, Bhopal
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40.AICRP Spices, Calicut
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41.AICRP on Ground Water Utilisation, Bhubaneshwar
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42.AICRP Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad
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43.AICRP Weed Control, Jabalpur
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44.AICRP Integrated Farming System Research, Modipuram including Network Organic Farming
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45.AICRP on Agroforestry, Jhansi
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46.AICRP on FIM, Bhopal
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47.AICRP on Salt Affected Soils & Use of Saline Water in Agriculture, Karnal
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48.AICRP on Agrometeorology, Hyderabad including Network on Impact adaptation & Vulnerability of Indian Agri. to Climate Change
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49.All India Coordinated Research Project on Ergonomics and Safety in Agriculture
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50.AICRP on Renewable Sources of Energy for Ag.and Agro Based Indus.,Bhopal
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51.AICRP on Utilization of Animal Energy (UAE), Bhopal
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52.AICRP on Poultry, Hyderabad
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53.AICRP on Application of Plastic in Agriculture, Ludhiana
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54.AICRP- Improvement of Feed Sources & Nutrient Utilisation for raising animal
production, Bangalore
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55. AICRP on Home Science, Bhubaneshwar
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56.AICRP on Goat Improvement, Mathura
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57.AICRP on Cattle Research, Meerut
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58.AICRP-Pig, Izzatnagar
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59.AICRP Foot and Mouth Disease, Mukteshwar
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60.AICRP ADMAS, Bangalore
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61. AICRP on PHT, Ludhiana
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Network Projects: 17
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1.All India Coordinated Research Network on Underutilised Crops, New Delhi
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2.All India Network Project on Tobacco, Rajahmundry
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3.Network Project on White Grubs & Other Soil Arthropods, Durgapura
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4.Network on Agricultural Acarology, Bangalore
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5.Network on Economic Ornithology, Hyderabad
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6.All India Network Project on Rodent Control, Jodhpur
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7.All India Network Project on Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore
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8.Network project on Improvement of Onion & Garlic, Pune
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9.Network Bio-fertilizers, Bhopal
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10.Network Project on Harvest & Post Harvest and Value Addition to Natural Resins & Gums, Ranchi
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11.Network project on Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
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12.Network Project on R&D Support for Process Upgradation of Indigenous Milk
products for industrial application Karnal
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13.Network Programme on Sheep Improvement, Avikanagar
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14.Network Project on Buffaloes Improvement, Hisar
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15.Network on Gastro Intestinal Parasitism, Izatnagar
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16.Network on Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Izatnagar
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17.Network Programme Blue Tongue Disease, Izatnagar
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Other Projects: 17
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1.Technology Mission on Cotton (CICR, Nagpur)
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2.Technology Mission on Jute (CRIJAF, Barrackpore)
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3.Continuation, Strengthening and Establishment of Krishi Vigyan Kendras
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4.Strengthening & Development of Higher Agricultural Education in India, New Delhi
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5.Central Agricultural University, Imphal
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6.Strengthening and Modernization of ICAR Headquarters
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7.Intellectual Property Management & Transfer/Commercialisation of Agricultural
Technology (Upscaling of existing component IPR HQ)
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8.Indo US Knowledge Initiative
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9.National Agricultural Innovative Project, New Delhi
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10. National Fund for Basic and Strategic Research, New Delhi
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Krishi Vigyan Kendra
Krishi Vigyan Kendras were started in the year 1974 to cater to the extension activities of ICAR. Now there are about 630 KVKs almost one for each district. KVKs are the vocational training institutions for farmers and field-level extension functionaries. They impart need-based and skill-oriented training to enhance agricultural production based on felt-needs and existing resources of particular area.
Fundamental principles of KVKs
- Agricultural production is the prime-goal.
- Work experience is the main method of imparting training.
- Priority of training should be on the weaker section of the society.
- To organize, long-term vocational training for rural youths for generating self-employment.
- To organize, training for farmers and extension functionaries.
- To organize, front-line demonstrations to generate production data and feedback.
- To collaborate, with SMS of SAUs in on-farm testing, refining and documenting technologies.
Zone I 67 KVKs
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Zone II 80 KVKs
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Zone III 74 KVKs
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Zone IV 81 KVKs
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Zone V
78 KVKs
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Zone VI 70 KVKs
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Zone VII 100 KVKs
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Zone VIII 80 KVKs
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Delhi
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A & N Islands
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Assam
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Uttar Pradesh
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Andhra Pradesh
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Rajasthan
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Chattisgarh
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Karnataka
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Haryana
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Bihar
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Arunachal Pradesh
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Uttaranchal
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Maharashtra
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Gujarat
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Madhya Pradesh
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Tamil Nadu
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Himachal Pradesh
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Jharkhand
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Manipur
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Orissa
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Kerala
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J& K
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West Bengal
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Meghalaya
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Goa
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Punjab
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Mizoram
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Nagaland
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Pondicherry
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Sikkim
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Lakshadweep
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Tripura
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State Agricultural Universities
The First Education Commission (1949) headed by Dr.S.Radhakrishanan & First and Second Indo –American teams recommended the setting up of Agricultural Universities in India on the lines of the Land Grant Colleges of US. The first SAU, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145 was set up in Uttaranchal in the year 1960.
In the year 1966 the Division of Agricultural Education was set up in ICAR. Later on SAUs were started in each state & Central University in North east region.
Research Institutions with national importance was elevated as deemed universities. The 4 deemed universities are:
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar
- Central Institute on Fisheries Education, Mumbai
1
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Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad-500030
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2
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Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388110, Gujarat
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3
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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, Assam
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4
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Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia-741252, West Bengal
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5
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Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur 813210, Bihar
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6
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi-834006, Jharkhand
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7
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Central Agricultural University, P.O. Box 23, Imphal-795004, Manipur
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8
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Chandra Shekar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur-208002, Uttar Pradesh
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9
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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana
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10
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CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, Himachal Pradesh
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11
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Dr Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli Distt, Ratnagiri 415 712, Maharashtra
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12
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Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishinagar,Akola-444104, Maharashtra
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13
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Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar Univ of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan, Nauni-173230, Himachal Pradesh
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14
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Dr YSR Horticultural University, West Godavari Dist., Tadepalligudem-534101, Andhra Pradesh
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15
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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145,Distt Udham Singh , Nagar , Uttaranchal
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16
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab
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17
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Krishak Nagar, Raipur-492006, Chhattisgarh
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18
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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jabalpur-482004, Madhya Pradesh
|
19
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Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh-362001, Gujarat
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20
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Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, BIDAR 585401, Karnataka
|
21
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Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikara, Trichur 680656, Kerala
|
22
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Kerala University of Fisheries & Ocean Studies, Papangad, Kochi-682506 Kerala
|
23
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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pattom,Thiruvananthapuram, 695004, Kerala
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24
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Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana
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25
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Madhya Pradesh Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur-482001, Madhya Pradesh
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26
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Maharana Pratap Univ. of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001
|
27
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Maharashtra Animal Science & Fishery University, Nagpur-440006, Maharashtra
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28
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413722, Maharashtra
|
29
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Manyavar Shri Kanshiram Ji University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda - 210001,
Uttar Pradesh |
30
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Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani-431402, Maharashtra
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31
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Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad -224229, Uttar Pradesh
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32
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Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396450 Gujarat
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33
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Orissa Univ. of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneshwar-751003, Orissa
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34
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab
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35
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Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner 334006 Rajasthan
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36
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Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, 848125, Bihar
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37
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Rajmata Vijayraje Sciendia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior 474002 Madhya Pradesh
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38
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Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut - 250110 Uttar Pradesh
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39
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Sardarkrushinagar-Dantiwada Agricultural University, Banaskantha, Gujarat-385506
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40
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Sher-E-Kashmir Univ of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, ,Jammu 18009, J&K
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41
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Sher-E-Kashmir Univ of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shrinagar-191121, Jammu & Kashmir
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42
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Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502
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43
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Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner-334006,Rajasthan
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44
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Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu
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45
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Tamil Nadu Veterinary & Animal Science University, Chennai-600051, Tamilnadu
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46
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, KVK,Bengaluru-560065, Karnataka
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47
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Dharwad-580005, Karnataka
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48
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot 587102 Karnataka
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49
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur – 584101 Karnataka
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50
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UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidhyalaya evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura-281001 , Uttar Pradesh
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51
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Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand
|
52
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Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, P.O. Pundibari, Dist. Coach Bihar-736165,West Bengal
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53
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West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 68 KB Sarani, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal
|
*****
Courtesy: www.icar.org.in/
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